Kazakhstan
Asia · Central Asia
Spearfishing (подводная охота) is legal in Kazakhstan as a form of amateur (sport) fishing. Under Article/paragraph 19 of the national Fishing Rules (approved by Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015), spearguns ('ружья для подводной охоты') may only be used in areas designated for recreational fishing, outside public recreation/swimming zones, and on assigned (leased) fishery water bodies in places marked by the wildlife user. All amateur fishing must use only gear permitting individual, piece-by-piece catch (поштучный лов) for personal consumption; commercial/industrial gear, explosives, poisons and firearms are prohibited. A permit (путевка) is required on assigned (leased) fishery water bodies; on reserve-fund waters fishing up to 5 kg per fisher per visit is free without permits. Seasonal spawning bans apply, and sturgeon (осетровые) are under a year-round catch ban plus a multinational Caspian commercial moratorium. There is no dedicated separate speargun licence; spearfishing follows the general amateur fishing regime.
Sidst opdateret Juni 14, 2026
Overordnet lovramme
- §Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 593-II of 9 July 2004 'On the Protection, Reproduction and Use of Wildlife'
- §Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), approved by Order of the Acting Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (registered 1 April 2015, No. 10606)
- §Order/Resolution 'On introducing restrictions and prohibitions on the use of fishery resources and other aquatic animals' (egov.kz consolidated restrictions for water bodies of the RK)
- Licens påkrævet
- Påkrævet
- Spydpistol
- Tilladt
- Udlændinge
- Velkommen
Loven, ordret
Lovtekster
De præcise lovbestemmelser og reguleringsforskrifter, der regulerer harpunfiskeri her, citeret som offentliggjort, med et link til hver officiel kilde.
Use of spearguns in amateur (sport) fishing
Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (reg. No. 10606)
Ружья для подводной охоты разрешается использовать в местах, отведенных для рекреационного рыболовства и вне зоны отдыха населения, а также на закрепленных рыбохозяйственных водоемах и (или) участках в местах, обозначенных пользователем животным миром.
Definition of amateur (sport) fishing — piece-by-piece catch only
Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (reg. No. 10606)
Любительское (спортивное) рыболовство – лов рыбных ресурсов и других водных животных в целях удовлетворения спортивных и эстетических потребностей, проведения спортивных состязаний, а также для личного потребления выловленной продукции, осуществляемый орудиями лова, позволяющими проводить только поштучный лов (непромысловые орудия лова).
Free amateur fishing limit on reserve-fund water bodies (5 kg per visit)
Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (reg. No. 10606)
Любительское (спортивное) рыболовство в резервном фонде рыбохозяйственных водоемов и (или) участков до пяти килограммов на одного рыболова за выезд, осуществляется бесплатно без каких-либо разрешений.
Permit (путевка) required on assigned (leased) fishery water bodies
Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (reg. No. 10606)
Любительское (спортивное) рыболовство на закрепленных рыбохозяйственных водоемах и (или) участках осуществляется физическими лицами на основании путевки, выданной пользователем животного мира за которым закреплен рыбохозяйственный водоем и (или) участок по их устному или письменному заявлению.
Prohibited fishing methods — explosives, chemicals and firearms
Fishing Rules (Правила рыболовства), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 February 2015 (reg. No. 10606)
с применением взрывных устройств, ядохимикатов и других химических препаратов, а также огнестрельного оружия.
Northern Caspian Sea spawning ban (Zhaiyk-Caspian basin)
Restrictions and prohibitions on the use of fishery resources at water bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan (egov.kz consolidated restrictions)
на акватории северной части казахстанского сектора Каспийского моря – с 25 мая по 31 августа.
Mangyshlak archipelago Caspian winter ban
Restrictions and prohibitions on the use of fishery resources at water bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan (egov.kz consolidated restrictions)
на островах Мангышлакского архипелага и прилегающего побережья от мыса Тюбкараган до Мыса Буруншик акватории казахстанского сектора Каспийского моря – с 15 ноября по 15 марта.
Year-round ban on sturgeon species
Restrictions and prohibitions on the use of fishery resources at water bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan (egov.kz consolidated restrictions)
Ввести запрет на лов осетровых видов рыб, пользование осетровыми видами рыб и их дериватами (икра) физическими и юридическими лицами.
Hvornår du kan dykke
Sæsoner og tidsbegrænsninger
Lukkede, åbne og begrænsede perioder over året. Bekræft altid artsspecifikke lukkede perioder lokalt.
- LukketNorthern part of the Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea (Zhaiyk-Caspian fishery basin)maj 25 – aug 31
Spawning-period fishing ban in the northern Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea. All fishing, including spearfishing, is prohibited during this window.
- LukketMangyshlak archipelago and adjacent coast (Cape Tyubkaragan to Cape Burunshik), Kazakh sector of the Caspian Seanov 15 – mar 15
Winter fishing ban around the Mangyshlak archipelago and adjacent Caspian coastline.
- LukketSturgeon species (осетровые) — beluga, Russian/Persian sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, etc.jan 1 – dec 31
Year-round prohibition on catching and using sturgeon species and their derivatives (caviar), reinforced by the multinational Caspian commercial sturgeon moratorium extended through 2026.
Tilladelse til at fiske
Licens
Hvad du skal have for at må være i vandet, hvad det koster, og hvordan du får det.
Apply (orally or in writing) to the wildlife user (lease holder) of the relevant fishery water body to obtain a путевка.
Få din licensÅbner den officielle portal · zakon.uchet.kz
- Type
- Permit (путевка) from the wildlife user on assigned (leased) fishery water bodies; no permit needed on reserve-fund waters up to 5 kg per visit. No dedicated speargun licence exists — spearfishing follows the amateur (sport) fishing regime.
- Pris
- Set by the leaseholder (wildlife user) for путевка; free on reserve-fund waters within the 5 kg/visit limit.
- Gyldighed
- unknown
- Sådan får du licensen
- Apply (orally or in writing) to the wildlife user (lease holder) of the relevant fishery water body to obtain a путевка.
- Myndighed
- Fisheries Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan; territorial fishery inspectorates and wildlife users (lease holders)
Udstyr og teknik
Udstyrskrav
Hvilket udstyr er tilladt, hvordan det må bruges, og hvilke betingelser der er knyttet hertil.
Restriktioner
- Spearguns (ружья для подводной охоты) allowed only in designated recreational fishing areas and on marked assigned fishery sites, outside public recreation/swimming zones (paragraph 19, Fishing Rules).
- Only gear permitting piece-by-piece (поштучный) catch is allowed for amateur fishing; industrial/commercial gear prohibited (paragraph 18).
- Explosives, poisons/chemicals and firearms are prohibited for fishing (paragraph 9.13).
- Fishing with any methods/gear not provided for in the Fishing Rules is prohibited (paragraph 10.7).
The Fishing Rules text retrieved does not contain an explicit clause on the use of scuba/aqualung (акваланг) for spearfishing; secondary sources state underwater hunting with harpoons and spearguns using scuba and other autonomous breathing apparatus is permitted only on sites specifically designated by the fishery-protection authorities. Treat scuba spearfishing as uncertain/site-restricted (scuba_allowed left null).
Hvad du må tage
Fangstbegrænsninger og fredede arter
Daglige kvoter, minimumsstørrelser og arter, der aldrig må fanges.
Dagsgrænse
On reserve-fund water bodies, free amateur fishing is limited to 5 kg per fisher per visit (выезд) without any permit; on assigned (leased) waters limits are set by the путевка/lease holder.
Fredede arter — må ikke fanges
- FredetSturgeon species (осетровые) — year-round ban including beluga (Huso huso)
- FredetCaspian salmon (каспийский лосось / кумжа) — Red Book
- FredetCaspian lamprey (каспийская минога) — Red Book
- FredetBlack Sea roach / kutum (вырезуб / черноморская плотва) — Red Book
Red Book species and sturgeon may not be caught. Minimum-size (промысловая мера) limits for permitted species exist per basin in the Fishing Rules annexes but were not captured verbatim here; consult the Fishing Rules appendices for species-specific minimum sizes.
Hvem må fiske
Besøgende og fastboende
Hvordan reglerne adskiller sig for udenlandske besøgende og lokale fastboende.
Udenlandske besøgende
TilladtKrav
- Same amateur (sport) fishing rules apply to foreigners as to residents.
- Obtain a путевка from the wildlife user on assigned fishery waters; observe closed seasons, protected species and gear rules.
Restriktioner
- No spearfishing in public recreation zones, during closed seasons, or for protected/sturgeon species.
- Border-zone access near the Caspian coast and frontier areas may require separate border-service permits (general Kazakh border-zone regime).
The Fishing Rules do not establish a separate foreigner-specific spearfishing licence; foreigners follow the general amateur fishing regime. Confirm any border-zone permit requirements locally before fishing the Caspian coast.
Fastboende
Permit (путевка) on assigned fishery waters; free reserve-fund fishing up to 5 kg/visit
Krav
- Obtain a путевка from the wildlife user (lease holder) where the water body is assigned.
- Use only piece-by-piece (непромысловые) gear; spearguns only in designated areas outside public recreation zones.
Fordele
- Free amateur fishing up to 5 kg per visit on reserve-fund water bodies without any permit.
No special residency benefit distinguishes residents from foreigners for spearfishing; the amateur fishing regime is uniform.
Hvor langs kysten
Tilladte og forbudte zoner
Navngivne områder der er åbne for eller lukket for harpunfiskeri. Se det fulde billede på det interaktive kort.
Tilladte områder
Spearguns are permitted only in areas designated for recreational fishing, located outside public recreation/swimming zones (вне зоны отдыха населения). Exact locations are set by local fisheries authorities and wildlife users.
Spearguns allowed only here and on marked assigned fishery sites; not in public swimming/recreation areas; piece-by-piece catch only; closed seasons and species bans apply.
Spearfishing permitted in places marked by the wildlife user holding the lease; a permit (путевка) issued by that user is required.
Permit (путевка) required from the lease holder; use only in marked spots; piece-by-piece catch only.
Forbudte områder
- Public recreation / swimming zones (зоны отдыха населения)public recreation zone
Speargun use is expressly excluded from public recreation/swimming areas under paragraph 19 of the Fishing Rules.
- Northern Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea during spawningseasonal spawning-protection zone
Fishing prohibited 25 May–31 August due to sturgeon and other species spawning.
- Mangyshlak archipelago, Kazakh Caspian sectorseasonal protection zone
Closed to fishing 15 November–15 March.
- Caspian Seal State Nature Reserve (Государственный природный резерват по сохранению каспийского тюленя)marine reserve
State nature reserve being established in the northeastern Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea (Mangistau and Atyrau regions) to protect the red-listed Caspian seal and its key habitats. Total area ~109,558 ha with a protected zone of ~69,839 ha covering marine waters and coast. As a strict nature reserve (резерват) it carries protected-area fishing restrictions; all extractive fishing including spearfishing is prohibited within its core marine waters. Center placed in the NE Caspian seal-habitat zone near Komsomolets (Tsesarevich) Bay; exact decree boundary not yet published.
- Kapshagai (Kapchagay) Reservoir spawning closurereservoir (seasonal spawning ban)
Kapshagai water reservoir on the Ile (Ili) River, Almaty region. All fishing (including spearfishing) is prohibited during the spring spawning ban, 5 April–20 May, on the reservoir and all rivers/streams flowing into it.
- Bukhtarma Reservoir spawning closurereservoir (seasonal spawning ban)
Bukhtarma (Buktyrma) reservoir on the Irtysh (Yertis) River, East Kazakhstan region — the country's largest reservoir. Fishing, including spearfishing, is prohibited during the spring spawning ban; the riverine part (with Lake Zhaysan) is closed 16 April–30 May and the deep-water part 1 May–15 June.
- Lake Balkhash spawning closurelake (seasonal spawning ban)
Lake Balkhash, a large endorheic lake in the Balkhash-Alakol basin (south-east central Kazakhstan). Fishing, including spearfishing, is prohibited during the spring spawning ban, 15 April–1 June.
- Shardara Reservoir spawning closurereservoir (seasonal spawning ban)
Shardara water reservoir on the Syrdarya River, Turkestan region (Aral-Syrdarya system). Fishing, including spearfishing, is prohibited during the spring spawning ban, 1 April–20 May.
Forhold på vandet
Live forhold
Live hav- og vejrøjebliksbillede nær et kystreferencepunkt i Kazakhstan, fra Open-Meteo. Forholdene varierer langs kysten — brug som vejledning.
Live hav og vejr nær Northern Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea during spawning.
Hvem du kan spørge
Myndigheder
De officielle organer, der er ansvarlige for fiskeri og licensudstedelse.
Fisheries Committee (Комитет рыбного хозяйства), Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan
fisheries authority
gov.kzTransferred from the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources to the Ministry of Agriculture by Presidential Decree of 3 January 2024; oversees protection, reproduction and use of fishery resources and aquaculture, including recreational fishing rules and fishery inspection.Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan
agriculture ministry
gov.kzParent ministry of the Fisheries Committee; issuer of the Fishing Rules (Order No. 18-04/148, 27 Feb 2015).
Hvor dette kommer fra
Kilder
Hvert udsagn på denne side kan spores tilbage til én af disse referencer.
- [01]
Об утверждении Правил рыболовства (Fishing Rules), Order No. 18-04/148 of 27 Feb 2015 — full text (zakon.uchet.kz mirror)
Officielzakon.uchet.kzTilgået jun 14 - [02]
Об утверждении Правил рыболовства — ИПС Әділет (official legal database)
Officieladilet.zan.kzTilgået jun 14 - [03]
Restrictions and prohibitions on the use of wildlife and fishery resources at water bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Electronic Government (egov.kz)
Officielegov.kzTilgået jun 14 - [04]
Restrictions and prohibitions to use wildlife objects and fishery resources at water reservoirs of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Electronic Government (English)
Officielegov.kzTilgået jun 14 - [05]
Fisheries and Aquaculture in Kazakhstan: Policy, Regulatory and Management Frameworks — The Fish Site
Sekundærthefishsite.comTilgået jun 14 - [06]
Каспийские страны продлили запрет на коммерческий вылов осетровых до 2026 — Caspian Post
Sekundærcaspianpost.comTilgået jun 14
Forskernoter
Kazakhstan is functionally landlocked but borders the Caspian Sea (the world's largest enclosed inland body of water), so coastline=true. Spearfishing exists as a recognised form of amateur (sport) fishing under national law. Verbatim provisions captured: speargun use restricted to designated recreational areas outside public swimming zones and to marked leased fishery sites (Fishing Rules para 19); definition of amateur fishing requiring piece-by-piece catch (para 18); free 5 kg/visit allowance on reserve-fund waters (para 20); путёвка requirement on leased waters (para 21); ban on explosives/chemicals/firearms (para 9.13). Seasonal bans: northern Kazakh Caspian sector 25 May–31 Aug (spawning), Mangyshlak archipelago 15 Nov–15 Mar. Sturgeon are under a year-round catch ban plus a multinational Caspian commercial moratorium extended through 2026. Paragraph numbering reflects the consolidated Fishing Rules as retrieved; renumbering may have occurred across amendments — verify the article reference against the current consolidated text on adilet.zan.kz before legal reliance. Whether scuba/aqualung spearfishing is permitted is uncertain: the retrieved Rules text addresses spearguns generally; one secondary source states scuba spearfishing is allowed only at sites specifically designated by fishery-protection authorities. Coordinates for the northern Caspian and Mangyshlak zones are approximate centroids for mapping, not legal boundaries. Confidence is high for the existence and restricted nature of spearfishing and the verbatim text; medium for exact paragraph numbers and scuba rules.
Giv mig besked, når Kazakhstans regler ændrer sig
Vi sender dig en e-mail, når Kazakhstans sæsoner eller regler opdateres i vores datasæt.