Azerbaijan
Asia · Western Asia
There is no Azerbaijani statute that explicitly names spearfishing (underwater hunting / podvodnaya okhota). It is practised as a form of recreational/sport fishing, which the national Law on Fishing (No. 457-IQ, 27 March 1998) permits for personal needs and leisure in all water bodies except reserves, fish-reproduction zones and fish-breeding enterprises (Article 11). A spearfishing community exists and is active on the Caspian Sea and inland canals/reservoirs (e.g. the Caspian Hunters Club, 200+ members, registered with the Youth and Sports Ministry). Recreational/sport fishing does not require a licence and is permitted year-round, but several constraints apply: a spawning-season ban (1 April - 1 September) on the Kur River, Lake Sarisu and the Mingachevir, Shamkir, Araz and Yenikand reservoirs; an absolute prohibition on taking species listed in Azerbaijan's Red Book; a moratorium on all sturgeon catch (extended through 2026 across the Caspian littoral states); and a statutory ban on 'prohibited hunting devices' and methods causing mass fish death. Sport/leisure fishing must follow regulations approved by the relevant executive authority. Because no provision squarely authorises or bans spearfishing and significant seasonal/area/species restrictions apply, the activity is best classified as restricted.
Laatst bijgewerkt juni 14, 2026
Geldend kader
- §Law of the Azerbaijan Republic 'About Fishing' (On Fishing) No. 457-IQ, 27 March 1998
- §Inter-state moratorium on commercial sturgeon fishing in the Caspian Sea (Caspian littoral states), extended through 2026
- §Ministry of Agriculture annual spawning-season fishing ban (1 April - 1 September)
- Vergunning vereist
- Niet vereist
- Buitenlanders
- Welkom
De wet, woordelijk
Wetteksten
De exacte wettelijke en regelgevende bepalingen die speervissen hier reguleren, geciteerd zoals gepubliceerd, met een link naar elke officiële bron.
Forms of use of fish resources (recreational/sport fishing recognised)
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
Use of fish resources shall be carried out in the following forms: industrial, leisure and sport hunting of fishes and other marine animals; industry oriented reproduction of fishes, other marine flora and fauna; scientific-research and control oriented hunting of fishes for the purpose of exploration of status of fish resources and establishment of limits upon fish hunting; hunting of fishes and other marine animals for the purpose of environmental acclimatisation and relocation.
Sport and leisure fish hunting
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
Sport and leisure fish hunting shall imply hunting of fishes and other marine animals for personal needs and leisure of individuals. Except for reserves, fish reproduction bands and enterprises, all water objects may be used for the purpose of sport and leisure fish hunting subject to compliance with procedures specified by the legislation. Allocation of state water objects and sections thereof for sport and leisure fish hunting shall be carried out by the relevant executive authorities. Sport and leisure fish hunting on water facilities being in individual use, municipal or private ownership shall be permitted upon consent of users and owners of water objects. Sport and leisure hunting shall be carried out in accordance with permission notices issued by the relevant executive authority. Permission notices for carrying out sport and leisure fish hunting in water objects owned by environmental protection, fishing, hunting, sporting and other societies, organisations and private water objects shall be issued upon consent of owners or users of water objects. Application of poisonous, chemical and blasting matters which may cause mass death of fishes in water objects, as well as application of prohibited hunting devices in course of sport and leisure fish hunting shall be prohibited. Sport and leisure fish hunting shall be carried out in accordance with regulations approved by the relevant executive authority.
Reproduction and protection of Red Book and sturgeon species
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
Reproduction and reinstatement of fishes entered into the Red Data Book, as well as of sturgeons and other valuable fishes with band significance shall be carried out in accordance with specific state programs implemented under the supervision of scientists and highly skilled specialists of the appropriate scientific-research organisations.
Water protection zones and specially protected spawning territories
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
Water protection zone shall mean a territory adjacent to the water area provided with the special regime of use and protection of natural resources and implementation of other operations. Shore protection zones shall be established on the boundaries of water protection zones. Water protection zones and related shore protection zones for rivers, river branches, lakes and other water objects being places of spawning for valuable fish species, as well as water protection zones and related shore protection zones for areas of operation of fish reproduction enterprises shall, in accordance with the procedures established by the legislation of the Azerbaijan Republic, be considered specially protected territories.
State control over foreign and domestic fishing on the Caspian and inland waters
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
State service for fish protection shall have the following rights: to check permission documentation issued to subjects of fishing operations; to stop and check vessels, boats and other sailing devices, including foreign vessels, boats and other sailing devices, engaged into illegal fish hunting in inland waters of the Azerbaijan Republic, Azerbaijan Republic section of the Caspian Sea (lake), border water objects; ... Fish products acquired by legal entities and physical persons engaged into illegal fish hunting and hunting devices may be confiscated in accordance with the procedures established by the Administrative Default Code of the Azerbaijan Republic.
Right of foreign persons to use fish resources in Azerbaijani waters
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic About Fishing, No. 457-IQ
Foreign legal entities and physical persons may use fish resources in the water objects of the Azerbaijan Republic. Foreign legal entities and physical persons shall acquire the right for the use of fish resources in the Azerbaijan Republic in accordance with the procedures specified by the legislation of the Azerbaijan Republic. Fees and rules applicable to the use by foreign legal entities and physical persons of fish resources in the Azerbaijan Republic shall be established by the relevant executive authority.
Wanneer je mag duiken
Seizoenen & tijdsbeperkingen
Gesloten, open en beperkte perioden door het jaar heen. Bevestig soortspecifieke sluitingen altijd lokaal.
- GeslotenIndustrial/commercial fishing spawning ban on the Kur River, Lake Sarisu, and the Mingachevir, Shamkir, Araz and Yenikand reservoirsapr 1 – sep 1
Annual spawning-season ban introduced by the Ministry of Agriculture. It is framed as an industrial-fishing ban; recreational and sport fishing is officially permitted year-round, but the ban reflects the protected spawning period during which fishing pressure on these key inland water bodies is restricted.
- GeslotenAll sturgeon species (Caspian Sea)
Moratorium on commercial/recreational catch of all sturgeon species in the Caspian Sea, agreed by the five littoral states and extended through 2026. Sturgeon catch is allowed only for scientific research and artificial reproduction.
Toestemming om te vissen
Vergunning
Wat je nodig hebt om het water in te mogen, wat het kost en hoe je het krijgt.
- Type
- No licence required for recreational/sport fishing; commercial fishing requires a fishing ticket/permit
- Kosten
- unknown
- Geldigheid
- Recreational fishing permitted year-round without licence
- Hoe te verkrijgen
- No licence needed for amateur/sport fishing. Sport/leisure fishing in privately owned or society-owned waters requires the owner's consent and permission notices issued by the relevant executive authority (Law on Fishing, Article 11).
- Autoriteit
- Ministry of Agriculture / Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (relevant executive authority)
Uitrusting & techniek
Uitrustingsregels
Welke uitrusting is toegestaan, hoe die gebruikt mag worden en welke voorwaarden eraan verbonden zijn.
Beperkingen
- Use of poisonous, chemical and blasting matters that may cause mass death of fish is prohibited (Law on Fishing, Article 11).
- Use of 'prohibited hunting devices' during sport and leisure fishing is prohibited; the specific list of prohibited devices is set by the relevant executive authority (Law on Fishing, Articles 10-11).
The Law on Fishing does not explicitly name spearguns, harpoons or scuba/diving gear. It bans 'prohibited hunting devices' without enumerating them in the law itself, leaving the list to executive regulations that were not retrievable. The Caspian Hunters Club practises spearfishing, free diving and finswimming, indicating spearguns are used in practice. Whether scuba (autonomous breathing apparatus) is permitted for fishing could not be confirmed from a primary source; in neighbouring Caspian jurisdictions such apparatus is restricted, but no Azerbaijani provision was found to confirm this.
Wat je mag meenemen
Vangstlimieten & beschermde soorten
Dagquota, minimummaten en soorten die nooit gevangen mogen worden.
Daglimiet
5 kg per day for non-predatory fish species; no daily limit for perch, pike, Wels catfish and sander (pikeperch).
Beschermde soorten — niet meenemen
- BeschermdAll species listed in the Azerbaijan Red Book (taking prohibited)
- BeschermdSturgeon (all species) - Caspian-wide moratorium, catch only for science and reproduction
Recreational daily limit of 5 kg for non-predatory species, with no limit on perch, pike, Wels catfish and sander, reported via Report.az. No statutory minimum-size table was found in the retrievable primary law text.
Wie mag vissen
Bezoekers & inwoners
Hoe de regels verschillen voor buitenlandse bezoekers en lokale inwoners.
Buitenlandse bezoekers
ToegestaanVereisten
- Foreign persons may use fish resources in Azerbaijani waters under procedures and fees set by the relevant executive authority (Law on Fishing, Article 38).
Beperkingen
- Same seasonal, area, species (Red Book, sturgeon) and gear restrictions as residents apply.
- Fishing in the Caspian Sea / border waters is subject to inspection by the state fish-protection service, including of foreign vessels (Article 21).
Article 38 explicitly permits foreign legal entities and physical persons to use fish resources in Azerbaijani waters, subject to rules and fees set by the executive authority. No foreigner-specific spearfishing licence regime was found in primary sources.
Inwoners
No licence required for recreational/sport fishing
Vereisten
- Comply with the general regulations of the Law on Fishing and the seasonal spawning ban.
- Do not take Red Book species or sturgeon.
- Do not use prohibited devices or methods causing mass fish death.
Recreational and sport fishing is open to the public year-round without a licence. Organised spearfishing/free-diving activity is offered through clubs such as the Caspian Hunters Club, which is registered with the Youth and Sports Ministry and trains members in pools and city basins before open-water hunting.
Waar aan de kust
Toegestane & verboden zones
Genoemde gebieden die open of gesloten zijn voor speervissen. Bekijk het volledige beeld op de interactieve kaart.
Toegestane gebieden
Large reservoir on the Kur River where recreational fishing is permitted; subject to the 1 April - 1 September spawning-season restrictions on harvesting.
Recreational fishing permitted; spawning-season ban 1 April - 1 September applies to the broader fishing regime. No Red Book species may be taken.
Reservoir on the Kur River where recreational fishing is permitted; covered by the spawning-season restrictions.
Recreational fishing permitted; spawning-season ban 1 April - 1 September applies. No Red Book species may be taken.
Marine area where the spearfishing community (e.g. Caspian Hunters Club) operates, hunting species such as kutum, mullet, carp and catfish. Subject to the national Law on Fishing, the sturgeon moratorium, and Red Book protections.
Sport/leisure fishing permitted under general rules; sturgeon catch prohibited; Red Book species prohibited; reserves and fish-reproduction zones excluded.
Verboden gebieden
- State nature reserves, fish-reproduction zones and fish-breeding enterprisesreserve / fish-reproduction zone
Article 11 of the Law on Fishing excludes reserves, fish reproduction bands and enterprises from areas usable for sport and leisure fishing.
- Water protection zones and spawning grounds of valuable fish species (specially protected territories)specially protected territory / spawning ground
Article 30 designates spawning areas of valuable fish species and their water/shore protection zones as specially protected territories with a special regime of use.
Condities op het water
Live condities
Live mariene en weersmomentopname nabij een kustreferentiepunt in Azerbaijan, van Open-Meteo. Condities variëren langs de kust — beschouw als indicatief.
Live mariene & weerscondities nabij Mingachevir Reservoir.
Wie je moet vragen
Autoriteiten
De officiële instanties die verantwoordelijk zijn voor visserij en vergunningen.
Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan
fisheries / agriculture authority
Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan (MENR) - including the Department for Reproduction and Protection of Aquatic Bioresources (DRPAB)
environment ministry / aquatic bioresources authority
State fish protection service (relevant executive authority under the Law on Fishing)
fisheries enforcement authority
Waar dit vandaan komt
Bronnen
Elke bewering op deze pagina is terug te voeren op een van deze referenties.
- [01]
Law of the Azerbaijan Republic 'About Fishing' No. 457-IQ (27 March 1998) - full English text (FAOLEX)
Officieelfaolex.fao.orgGeraadpleegd jun 14 - [02]
Azerbaijan bans industrial fishing in inland waters starting April 1 (Report.az)
Secundairreport.azGeraadpleegd jun 14 - [03]
Caspian States Extend Sturgeon Fishing Ban Through 2026 (Caspian Post)
Secundaircaspianpost.comGeraadpleegd jun 14 - [04]
Spearfishing: Experience one never forgets! (AzerNews) - Caspian Hunters Club, locations and species
Secundairazernews.azGeraadpleegd jun 14 - [05]
Azerbaijan - Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile (FAO)
Officieelfao.orgGeraadpleegd jun 14
Notities van de onderzoeker
No Azerbaijani law explicitly regulates spearfishing/underwater hunting by name; the activity falls under 'sport and leisure fish hunting' in the Law on Fishing No. 457-IQ (1998), whose full English text was retrieved verbatim from FAOLEX. Recreational fishing requires no licence and is open year-round (Report.az), but the activity is restricted by: a spawning-season ban (1 Apr - 1 Sep) on the Kur River, Lake Sarisu and the Mingachevir/Shamkir/Araz/Yenikand reservoirs; an absolute prohibition on Red Book species; a Caspian-wide sturgeon moratorium extended through 2026; exclusion of reserves and fish-reproduction zones (Art. 11); and a ban on prohibited devices/poisons (Art. 11). The exact executive-regulation list of 'prohibited hunting devices' and any explicit rule on spearguns or scuba could not be located in a primary source, so equipment_rules.speargun_allowed and scuba_allowed are left null. Coordinates for the three named allowed zones are approximate centroids of well-known geographic features, not statutory boundaries. Daily-limit figures (5 kg non-predatory; no limit on perch/pike/catfish/sander) come from a secondary news source (Report.az) rather than the primary statute, so confidence on those numbers is medium. Overall confidence: medium - the core national statute is primary and verbatim, but spearfishing-specific detail relies on secondary corroboration.
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