SpearfishingMap

Brazil

Americas · South America

Recreational spearfishing (pesca subaquatica) is legal in Brazil but tightly regulated. It is classified as a form of amateur fishing (pesca amadora), so the sale of the catch is forbidden. It may only be practised in free-diving / breath-hold mode (apneia): the use of any artificial breathing apparatus (scuba tanks, compressors, hookah) while spearfishing is prohibited by federal rule (Portaria IBAMA 4/2009, Art. 3o, Categoria C). Allowed equipment includes the speargun/arbalete (espingarda de mergulho/arbalete), trident and similar gear. An amateur fishing licence (Licenca de Pesca Amadora) issued by the federal fisheries authority is mandatory. Capture of nationally threatened aquatic species is banned; the goliath grouper / mero (Epinephelus itajara) is listed as Criticamente em Perigo (CR) in the official threatened-species list (Portaria MMA 445/2014, updated by Portaria MMA 148/2022), and the dedicated mero moratorium (Portaria Interministerial MPA/MMA 13/2015) ran for eight years (2015-2023). Additional state and zone restrictions apply (e.g. Santa Catarina apnea-only rules with coastal exclusion areas, native-species bans in the Parana basin, prohibitions inside conservation units / marine protected areas).

Restricted
Достоверность данныхСредняя достоверность

Последнее обновление июнь 16, 2026

Регулирующая база

  • §Decreto-Lei no 221, de 28 de fevereiro de 1967 (Codigo de Pesca - legal basis for amateur fishing rules)
  • §Lei no 11.959, de 29 de junho de 2009 (Politica Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel da Aquicultura e da Pesca)
  • §Portaria IBAMA no 4, de 19 de marco de 2009 (defines pesca amadora categories incl. Pesca Subaquatica / Categoria C and prohibits artificial breathing apparatus)
  • §Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 21, de 4 de julho de 2005 (underwater fishing in Santa Catarina - apnea only, signalling buoy, coastal exclusion zones)
  • §Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 26, de 2 de setembro de 2009 (Parana basin - native species capture prohibited in underwater modality)
  • §Portaria MMA no 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014, atualizada pela Portaria MMA no 148, de 7 de junho de 2022 (Lista Nacional Oficial de Especies da Fauna Brasileira Ameacadas de Extincao - Peixes e Invertebrados Aquaticos)
  • §Portaria Interministerial MPA/MMA no 13, de 2 de outubro de 2015 (eight-year moratorium on capture of mero, 2015-2023)
  • §Lei no 9.605, de 12 de fevereiro de 1998 (Lei de Crimes Ambientais - environmental penalties)
Требуется лицензия
Требуется
Подводное ружьё
Разрешено
Акваланг
Запрещено
Иностранцы
Допускаются

Закон дословно

Тексты законов

Точные законодательные и нормативные положения, регулирующие подводную охоту здесь, процитированные так, как опубликованы, со ссылкой на каждый официальный источник.

01Art. 3oBrazil (national) · federal

Definition of underwater fishing (Pesca Subaquatica - Categoria C) and prohibition of artificial breathing apparatus

Portaria IBAMA no 4, de 19 de marco de 2009

PTОригинал

Pesca Subaquatica (Categoria C): realizada com ou sem o auxilio de embarcacoes e utilizando espingarda de mergulho ou arbalete, tridente ou petrechos similares sendo vedado o emprego de aparelhos de respiracao artificial.

02Art. 3oBrazil (national) · federal

Amateur fishing categories (A, B, C) - Categoria C is underwater fishing

Portaria IBAMA no 4, de 19 de marco de 2009

PTОригинал

Categoria A (Pesca Desembarcada): realizada sem o auxilio de embarcacao e com a utilizacao de linha de mao, canico simples; Categoria B (Pesca Embarcada): realizada com auxilio de embarcacoes, classificadas na categoria de esporte ou recreio; Categoria C (Pesca Subaquatica): realizada com ou sem o auxilio de embarcacoes e utilizando espingarda de mergulho ou arbalete, tridente ou petrechos similares sendo vedado o emprego de aparelhos de respiracao artificial.

03Art. 1oSanta Catarina · federal

Santa Catarina - underwater fishing permitted only in apnea (breath-hold)

Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 21, de 4 de julho de 2005

PTОригинал

Permitir a pesca subaquatica no Estado de Santa Catarina exclusivamente em apneia.

04Art. 4oSanta Catarina · federal

Santa Catarina - 50-metre exclusion near beaches and rocky shores

Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 21, de 4 de julho de 2005

PTОригинал

Proibir a pratica da pesca subaquatica nas areas de praias, em uma faixa de cinquenta metros, iniciando-se na linha de baixa-mar, incluindo as praias das ilhas, e nos primeiros cinquenta metros dos costoes rochosos contiguos as praias.

05Art. 5oSanta Catarina · federal

Santa Catarina - mandatory signalling buoy for underwater fishers

Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 21, de 4 de julho de 2005

PTОригинал

E obrigatoria a utilizacao de boia sinalizadora para os praticantes da pesca subaquatica.

06Art. 3o e Anexo 3 (Lista Oficial de Especies da Fauna Brasileira Ameacadas de Extincao - Peixes e Invertebrados Aquaticos)Brazil (national) · national

Mero (Epinephelus itajara) listed as Critically Endangered in the official threatened aquatic-species list

Portaria MMA no 148, de 7 de junho de 2022 (updating the list of Portaria MMA no 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014)

PTОригинал

Art. 3o Os Anexos I e II da Portaria no 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014, que reconhecem respectivamente a Lista Oficial de Especies da Fauna Brasileira Ameacadas de Extincao - Peixes e Invertebrados Aquaticos e a Lista Oficial de Especies Extintas da Fauna Brasileira - Peixes e Invertebrados Aquaticos, passam a vigorar com a redacao dos Anexos I e II constantes no Anexo 3 desta Portaria. [Lista anexa] 341 Perciformes / Epinephelidae / Epinephelus itajara / CR.

Когда можно погружаться

Сезоны и временны́е ограничения

Закрытые, открытые и ограниченные периоды в течение года. Всегда уточняйте на месте закрытия по конкретным видам.

янв.
февр.
март
апр.
май
июнь
июль
авг.
сент.
окт.
нояб.
дек.
ЗакрытоОграниченоОткрыто
  • ЗакрытоMero / goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara)янв. 1 – дек. 31

    Year-round prohibition on capture of the mero in Brazilian waters. The species is listed as Criticamente em Perigo (CR) in the in-force threatened-species list (Portaria MMA 445/2014, updated by Portaria MMA 148/2022), which prohibits fishing and commercialisation of listed species. A dedicated eight-year moratorium (Portaria Interministerial MPA/MMA 13/2015, in force 2015-2023, continuing protection that began with Portaria IBAMA 121/2002) has reached its stated end date; no renewal of that specific moratorium was confirmed during this research, but the CR listing keeps directed capture prohibited.

    unbciencia.unb.br
  • ЗакрытоVarious species - regional spawning closed seasons (defeso)

    Brazil applies species- and basin-specific closed seasons (periodos de defeso) set by federal and state normative instructions; during a defeso, fishing of the affected species (including by underwater fishing) is prohibited. Exact dates vary by species, river basin and coastal region and must be checked per state/species before each outing.

    legisweb.com.br

Разрешение на охоту

Лицензия

Что нужно, чтобы вам разрешили войти в воду, сколько это стоит и как это получить.

Требуется лицензиячерез Secretaria/Ministerio da Pesca e Aquicultura / IBAMA (Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis)

Apply online via the federal gov.br portal (Solicitar Licenca de Pescador Amador) or at an IBAMA office; the licence is issued by the federal fisheries/environment authority.

Получить лицензию

Открывает официальный портал · gov.br

Требуется лицензия
Тип
Licenca de Pesca Amadora (amateur fishing licence) - underwater fishing falls under the amateur fishing regime (historically Categoria C - Pesca Subaquatica)
Стоимость
Approx. R$ 60,00 for the underwater/embarked category (shore-based category approx. R$ 20,00); payable by PIX, credit card or boleto. Exempt: retirees, men over 65 and women over 60. Figures are commonly cited and should be confirmed on the official gov.br service page (which returned HTTP 403 during this research).
Срок действия
1 year, valid throughout the national territory
Как получить
Apply online via the federal gov.br portal (Solicitar Licenca de Pescador Amador) or at an IBAMA office; the licence is issued by the federal fisheries/environment authority.
Орган власти
Secretaria/Ministerio da Pesca e Aquicultura / IBAMA (Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis)
Официальный портал лицензирования · gov.br

Снаряжение и техника

Правила по снаряжению

Какое снаряжение разрешено, как его можно использовать и при каких условиях.

Подводное ружьёРазрешено
АквалангЗапрещено

Ограничения

  • Artificial breathing apparatus (scuba tanks, compressors, hookah/narghile) is prohibited while spearfishing - apnea / free-diving only
  • Breathing apparatus may only be used for diving without fishing purpose (research, underwater photography or similar)
  • A vessel may not simultaneously carry underwater breathing equipment (tank/compressor) and spearfishing gear (speargun/spear/dredge)
  • Allowed gear: espingarda de mergulho / arbalete (speargun), tridente (trident) and similar implements
  • In Santa Catarina a signalling buoy (boia sinalizadora) is mandatory

The scuba prohibition is a federal rule (Portaria IBAMA 4/2009, Art. 3o, Categoria C) and is reinforced in state-specific instructions such as IN 21/2005 (Santa Catarina, apnea only, Art. 1o).

Что можно добывать

Лимиты добычи и охраняемые виды

Дневные квоты, минимальные размеры и виды, которые нельзя добывать ни при каких условиях.

Дневной лимит

An amateur-fishing transport/possession quota applies (no verbatim figure was retrieved from a primary IBAMA source in this research; secondary sources commonly cite up to 10 kg plus one specimen for marine waters, varying by water body and species). Sale of the catch is always prohibited. Verify the current quota with IBAMA/state authority before fishing.

Охраняемые виды — добывать нельзя

  • ОхраняетсяMero / goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) - listed as Criticamente em Perigo (CR) in Portaria MMA 445/2014 as updated by Portaria MMA 148/2022; capture prohibited
  • ОхраняетсяSpecies listed in the Lista Nacional Oficial de Especies da Fauna Brasileira Ameacadas de Extincao - Peixes e Invertebrados Aquaticos (Portaria MMA 445/2014, updated by Portaria MMA 148/2022) - capture and commercialisation prohibited; the list includes many sharks, groupers, snappers, cherne, etc.

As underwater fishing is amateur fishing, selling the catch is forbidden in all cases. Minimum sizes and species-specific bans are set per species/region by federal and state instructions and must be checked locally.

Кто может охотиться

Гости и резиденты

Чем отличаются правила для иностранных гостей и местных жителей.

Иностранные гости

Разрешено

Требования

  • Obtain the same amateur fishing licence (Licenca de Pesca Amadora) as residents
  • Carry identification; apply via the gov.br portal or IBAMA

Ограничения

  • Same equipment, species, season and zone restrictions as residents (apnea only, no scuba, no sale of catch, protected species banned)

No evidence of a separate or more restrictive licence regime for foreign recreational spearfishers; they obtain the standard amateur fishing licence.

Резиденты

Licenca de Pesca Amadora (national amateur fishing licence)

Требования

  • Hold a valid amateur fishing licence
  • Practise in apnea only; comply with species, season and zone rules

Преимущества

  • Retirees and elderly (men over 65, women over 60) are exempt from the licence fee

Licence is national in scope and valid for one year.

Где на побережье

Разрешённые и запрещённые зоны

Названные районы, открытые или закрытые для подводной охоты. Полную картину смотрите на интерактивной карте.

Разрешённые районы

  • Brazilian marine and inland waters (general, outside protected areas)

    Recreational underwater fishing in apnea is generally permitted in Brazilian coastal and inland waters where not otherwise restricted, with a valid amateur fishing licence and subject to species, gear, season and zone rules.

    Apnea (free-diving) only; no artificial breathing apparatus; no sale of catch; threatened species (e.g. mero) prohibited; defeso seasons apply; conservation units and other protected zones excluded.

    legisweb.com.br

Запрещённые районы

Показать на карте

Условия на воде

Живые условия

Живой снимок морской и погодной обстановки рядом с прибрежной опорной точкой в стране Brazil, от Open-Meteo. Условия меняются вдоль побережья — воспринимайте как ориентировочные.

Живая морская и погодная обстановка рядом с Santa Catarina underwater-fishing exclusion - Area Norte (IN 21/2005).

Условия

К кому обращаться

Органы власти

Официальные органы, отвечающие за рыболовство и лицензирование.

  • IBAMA - Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis

    environment agency / fisheries enforcement

    ibama.gov.br

  • Ministerio da Pesca e Aquicultura (MPA) / Secretaria de Aquicultura e Pesca

    fisheries authority (licence issuance)

    gov.br

  • Ministerio do Meio Ambiente e Mudanca do Clima (MMA)

    environment ministry (threatened species lists)

    gov.br

  • ICMBio - Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade

    protected areas authority (conservation units / MPAs)

    gov.br

Откуда это взято

Источники

Каждое утверждение на этой странице восходит к одному из этих источников.

  1. [01]

    Portaria IBAMA no 4 de 19/03/2009 (definicao de pesca subaquatica e categorias da pesca amadora - Art. 3o)

    Официальный
    legisweb.com.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  2. [02]

    ACPS - Legislacao da pesca subaquatica (reproduces full official text of IN IBAMA 21/2005 - Santa Catarina, Art. 1o, 4o, 5o, 6o)

    community
    acpescasub.wordpress.comДоступ получен июнь 16
  3. [03]

    Instrucao Normativa IBAMA no 26 de 02/09/2009 (bacia do Parana)

    Официальный
    legisweb.com.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  4. [04]

    Portaria MMA no 148, de 7 de junho de 2022 (atualiza a Lista Nacional de Especies Aquaticas Ameacadas; Epinephelus itajara classificado CR) - texto DOU

    Официальный
    unbciencia.unb.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  5. [05]

    CRBio-07 - Pesca do cherne e mero continua proibida (Portaria Interministerial MPA/MMA 13 e 14/2015, moratoria de 8 anos)

    Вторичный
    crbio07.gov.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  6. [06]

    Solicitar Licenca de Pescador Amador - gov.br (federal service / licence)

    Официальный
    gov.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  7. [07]

    Pescaria Sub: o que e e como pode ser praticada (overview of underwater fishing regulation in Brazil)

    Вторичный
    blog.iaqua.com.brДоступ получен июнь 16
  8. [08]

    Portarias Fauna Ameacada - ICMBio (threatened-species portarias / protected areas)

    Официальный
    gov.brДоступ получен июнь 16

Заметки исследователя

Verbatim federal definition of pesca subaquatica (no scuba; speargun/arbalete/trident allowed) is in Portaria IBAMA 4/2009, Art. 3o, Categoria C (confirmed via the LegisWeb legislation portal); the earlier 'Art. 2o, III' reference was an error and has been corrected. The Santa Catarina rules (apnea only Art. 1o, 50 m beach/rocky-shore exclusion Art. 4o, mandatory signalling buoy Art. 5o, GPS-defined exclusion areas Art. 6o) are quoted verbatim from IN IBAMA 21/2005 as reproduced in full by the ACPS page; the source is community-hosted but reproduces the official article text. Underwater fishing is treated as amateur fishing, so selling the catch is forbidden. The mero (Epinephelus itajara) is listed as Criticamente em Perigo (CR) in the in-force threatened-species list (Portaria MMA 445/2014, updated by Portaria MMA 148/2022 - confirmed verbatim from the DOU PDF, Art. 3o and the annexed fish list, entry 341). The dedicated mero moratorium (Portaria Interministerial MPA/MMA 13/2015) was an eight-year measure (2015-2023) continuing protection in place since 2002 (Portaria IBAMA 121/2002); no renewal of that specific moratorium was confirmed during this research, so the operative ongoing prohibition is presented as resting on the CR threatened-species listing rather than on the lapsed moratorium. Daily/possession quotas and species minimum sizes vary by region and were not captured verbatim from a primary source - they should be verified with IBAMA/state authorities before fishing. The official IBAMA legislation page and the gov.br licence service page returned HTTP 403/timeout and could not be fetched directly. Overall confidence is medium: core legality and the scuba prohibition are well supported by primary text, but some load-bearing items (Santa Catarina rules via a community-hosted reproduction; current mero moratorium renewal status; quota/size figures) rely on secondary/community sources or are unresolved.

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