Democratic Republic of the Congo
Africa · Middle Africa
There is no statute in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) that specifically regulates recreational spearfishing or underwater fishing (chasse sous-marine / peche sous-marine / harpon). The fisheries sector is still governed by the colonial-era Decree of 21 April 1937 on fishing (decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche), under which fishing is generally permitted throughout the territory (Art. 57), subject to private-water rights (Art. 58) and customary indigenous fishing rights (Art. 59). The decree does not mention spearguns, harpoons, diving or underwater fishing, but it empowers the governor general and provincial authorities to prohibit certain fishing modes, traps or gear (Art. 65), to close seasons for chosen species (Art. 61), to create reserves where fishing is wholly or partly prohibited (Art. 62) and to restrict the fishing of designated species in determined regions (Art. 63); destroying spawn/fry and fishing in spawning grounds is prohibited (Art. 60). A clear and verbatim-sourced overlay comes from the Loi n 14/003 of 11 February 2014 on nature conservation: Article 14 prohibits taking, hunting, fishing, capturing, harassing or killing protected species (which under Art. 13 include threatened fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians) by any method; Article 25 bans any activity incompatible with conservation objectives inside protected areas; and crucially Article 71(4) criminally prohibits 'une activite de peche de toute nature' (a fishing activity of any kind) inside national parks, integral nature reserves and biosphere reserves, with Article 72 separately penalising the capture or killing of any wild fauna there. Spearfishing is therefore unambiguously illegal inside the DRC's parks/reserves (e.g. Virunga National Park on Lake Edward; and the only marine protected area, the Mangroves Marine Park / Parc Marin des Mangroves at Muanda, Kongo Central, IUCN II, est. 1992, Ramsar site No. 788 since 18 Jan 1996, ICCN-managed). Outside protected areas the activity is neither explicitly authorised nor explicitly prohibited and is potentially caught by the discretionary gear-restriction powers, so it is classified as restricted. A modern framework law on fishing and aquaculture (proposition de loi portant principes fondamentaux relatifs a la peche et a l'aquaculture, deposited June 2024) was declared admissible by the National Assembly in May 2025 and was examined in plenary on 10 April 2026 (it aims to repeal the obsolete 1937 decree) but was still under examination and not promulgated as of June 2026; its text does not mention spearfishing or specific prohibited gear.
Përditësuar së fundit Qershor 22, 2026
Kuadri qeverisës
- §Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche (Belgian Congo fishing decree, still in force; arts. 57-67)
- §Decret du 12 juillet 1932 relatif aux concessions de peche (fishing concessions, referenced by art. 57)
- §Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature (nature conservation / protected areas; Art. 14 prohibits fishing/capturing protected species, Art. 25 bans incompatible activity in protected areas, Art. 71(4) criminalises all fishing in national parks/integral reserves/biosphere reserves, Art. 72 penalises capturing/killing fauna there)
- §Proposition de loi portant principes fondamentaux relatifs a la peche et a l'aquaculture (deposited June 2024; declared admissible by National Assembly May 2025; examined in plenary 10 April 2026, intended to repeal the 1937 decree; still under examination / not promulgated as of June 2026)
Ligji, verbatim
Tekstet ligjore
Dispozitat saktësisht statutore dhe rregullatore që qeverisin peshkimin nënujor këtu, të cituara siç janë publikuar, me një lidhje me secilin burim zyrtar.
Fishing generally permitted throughout the territory
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
La peche est permise sur tout le territoire du Congo belge, sans prejudice de l'application du decret du 12 juillet 1932 relatif aux concessions de peche et des exceptions prevues ci-apres.
Fishing in waters belonging to others
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Nul ne peut pecher dans les eaux qui appartiennent a autrui si le fonds dont elles dependent n'est greve d'un droit de peche a son profit, ou s'il n'y a consentement du proprietaire ou de ses ayants droit. N'appartiennent pas a autrui, aux termes du present decret, les eaux territoriales, lacs, etangs et cours d'eau dont le lit fait partie du domaine de l'Etat.
Customary (indigenous) fishing rights and gear
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Les indigenes exercent leurs droits traditionnels de peche, notamment au moyen de barrages, nasses et filets, dans la mesure fixee par la coutume et dans les limites de la circonscription, sous reserve des restrictions du present decret. Il est interdit de detruire ces installations. Toutefois, si elles entravent la navigation, provoquent l'envasement ou l'ensablement des cours d'eau, ou constituent un danger au point de vue sanitaire, l'administrateur territorial peut les faire modifier ou enlever.
Protection of spawn, fry and spawning grounds
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
La destruction du frai et des alevins, ainsi que la peche dans les frayeres, sont interdites.
Power to close fishing seasons by species and water body
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Le gouverneur general et le commissaire provincial peuvent decider, par ordonnance ou arrete, la fermeture de la peche, dans certains cours d'eau, lacs ou etangs, pendant certaines periodes et pour les especes de poissons qu'ils determinent.
Power to create fishing reserves where fishing is prohibited
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Le gouverneur general et le commissaire provincial peuvent decider par ordonnance ou arrete que certaines eaux sont constituees en reserve ou la peche est prohibee partiellement ou totalement.
Power to set minimum mesh sizes and prohibit certain fishing methods, traps or gear
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Le gouverneur general et le commissaire provincial peuvent, par ordonnance ou arrete, determiner les dimensions minima que pourront avoir les mailles des filets, les mailles ou les interstices des nasses et prohiber l'emploi de certains modes, pieges ou engins de peche.
Power to restrict fishing of designated fish species in determined regions
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Le gouverneur general et le gouverneur de province peuvent, dans les regions qu'ils determinent, interdire ou restreindre la peche et le commerce de toutes ou certaines especes de poissons qui proviennent d'une eau privee conforme aux specifications de l'alinea Ier de l'article 66 ci-apres. [Authorities may, in regions they determine, prohibit or restrict the fishing and trade of all or certain fish species; potentially relevant where a speared species is locally protected.]
Prohibition on holding, selling or transporting fish whose fishing is banned
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche
Dans chaque region, il est defendu de detenir, d'exposer en vente, de vendre ou d'acheter, de ceder ou de recevoir a un titre quelconque, de transporter ou de colporter les poissons dont la peche est interdite [...]. [In each region it is forbidden to hold, display for sale, sell, buy, transfer, receive, transport or peddle fish whose fishing is prohibited.]
Prohibition on hunting, fishing, capturing or killing protected species
Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature
Il est interdit de : 1) prelever, chasser, pecher, capturer, harceler ou tuer deliberement des specimens des especes protegees ; 2) perturber intentionnellement ces especes, notamment durant la periode de reproduction, de dependance, d'hibernation ou de migration ; 3) detruire, endommager, enlever, ramasser les oeufs de ces especes ou en modifier la position; 4) deteriorer ou detruire les sites de reproduction, les aires de repos ou tout habitat naturel ou vivent ces especes a un des stades de leur cycle biologique ; 5) detenir, transporter, echanger, vendre ou acheter, offrir ou ceder a titre gratuit les specimens ou toute partie de ces especes prelevees dans la nature ; 6) detenir, ceder, vendre, acheter ou transporter tout produit dont l'emballage ou la publicite annonce contenir des specimens appartenant a l'une des especes protegees ; 7) exposer dans les lieux publics ces specimens. [It is prohibited to take, hunt, fish, capture, harass or deliberately kill specimens of protected species (which under Art. 13 include fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians threatened with extinction). Directly relevant: spearing a protected fish, manatee or marine turtle is unlawful regardless of method. The list of fully/partially protected species is set by decree in Council of Ministers.]
Any activity incompatible with conservation objectives is prohibited in protected areas
Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature
Toute activite incompatible avec les objectifs de la conservation est interdite dans les aires protegees. Sous reserve des derogations prevues par la presente loi, est nul tout droit accorde dans les limites des aires protegees et leurs zones tampon. [Any activity incompatible with conservation objectives is prohibited within protected areas; any right granted inside a protected area or its buffer zone is void. Spearfishing in an aire protegee such as the Mangroves Marine Park is caught by this general prohibition unless expressly authorised.]
Criminal prohibition of all fishing inside national parks, integral reserves and biosphere reserves
Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature
Est punie d'une servitude penale de un an a trois ans et d'une amende de cent mille a un million cinq cent mille francs congolais ou de l'une de ces peines seulement, toute personne qui, dans les reserves naturelles integrales, les parcs nationaux et les reserves de biosphere : 1) introduit les armes a feu et autres instruments de chasse ; 2) detient ou transporte des especes de faune et de flore sauvages vivants, leurs peaux ou autres depouilles ; 3) introduit intentionnellement une espece exotique susceptible de menacer les ecosystemes, habitats ou especes; 4) pratique une activite de peche de toute nature ; 5) prend ou detruit les oeufs et/ou les nids ; 6) detruit, par quelque moyen que ce soit, les biotopes, les especes de faune et de flore sauvages, ou les autres ressources naturelles biologiques ou genetiques ; 7) deplace, brise ou enleve les bornes servant de limites des aires protegees ; 8) pollue directement ou indirectement les eaux, rivieres et cours d'eau. [Punishable by 1-3 years' penal servitude and a fine: anyone who, inside integral nature reserves, national parks and biosphere reserves, point 4) practises a fishing activity of any kind. This expressly criminalises spearfishing (and all fishing) inside national parks such as Virunga National Park.]
Criminal prohibition of capturing or killing wildlife inside national parks and integral reserves
Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature
Est punie d'une servitude penale de un an a trois ans et d'une amende de cinq millions a vingt-cinq millions de francs congolais ou de l'une de ces peines seulement, toute personne qui dans les reserves naturelles integrales, les parcs nationaux et les reserves de biospheres, poursuit, chasse, capture et detruit, tue intentionnellement de quelque maniere que ce soit, toute espece de faune sauvage, sauf en cas de legitime defense. [Punishable by 1-3 years' penal servitude and a fine: anyone who, inside integral reserves, national parks and biosphere reserves, pursues, hunts, captures, destroys or intentionally kills by any means whatsoever any wild fauna species, except in self-defence. Speargun capture/kill of fauna inside these areas is criminal.]
Kur mund të zhyteni
Sezoni & kufizimet kohore
Periudhat e mbyllura, të hapura dhe të kufizuara gjatë vitit. Gjithmonë konfirmoni mbylljen specifike të llojeve lokalisht.
- MbyllurSpecies and water bodies designated by the governor general / provincial commissionerunknown – unknown
No fixed national closed season exists. Under Article 61 of the 1937 decree, the governor general and provincial authorities may, by ordinance or order, close fishing in specified rivers, lakes or ponds for specified periods and species. Any specific closures are set locally and were not retrievable from a national source.
Leja për të peshkuar
Licenca
Çfarë ju nevojitet për të qenë i lejuar në ujë, çfarë kushton dhe si ta merrni.
unknown
Merr licencën tuajHap portalin zyrtar · fao.org
- Lloji
- unknown
- Kostoja
- unknown
- Vlefshmëria
- unknown
- Si të merret
- unknown
- Autoriteti
- Ministry in charge of fisheries / provincial authorities; ICCN within protected areas
Pajisjet & teknika
Rregullat e pajisjeve
Çfarë pajisje lejohet, si mund të përdoren dhe kushtet e bashkangjitura.
Kufizimet
- No statute specifically addresses spearguns, harpoons or underwater/scuba fishing.
- Under Article 65 of the 1937 fishing decree, authorities may prohibit the use of certain fishing modes, traps or gear and set minimum net mesh sizes.
- Destruction of spawn/fry and fishing in spawning grounds is prohibited (Article 60 of the 1937 decree).
- Inside national parks, integral nature reserves and biosphere reserves, all fishing of any kind is criminally prohibited (Loi n 14/003 of 2014, Article 71(4)), as is capturing or killing wild fauna (Article 72) - this bars spearfishing in those areas.
- Taking, fishing, capturing or killing legally protected species is prohibited by any method (Loi n 14/003 of 2014, Article 14).
Spearfishing gear is not named in DRC fisheries law. Whether a speargun is permitted in any given water depends on local ordinances/orders that may be issued under Article 65, which were not retrievable from a national source.
Çfarë mund të merrni
Kufijtë e kapjes & llojet e mbrojtura
Kuotat ditore, madhësitë minimale dhe llojet që nuk duhet marrë kurrë.
Limiti ditor
unknown
Llojet e mbrojtura — mos i merrni
- MbrojturAfrican manatee (Trichechus senegalensis)
- MbrojturMarine turtles: olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), green turtle (Chelonia mydas)
- MbrojturHippopotamus and crocodiles (within the Mangroves Marine Park)
No general size or bag limits for spearfishing were found. Protected species listed are those protected within the Mangroves Marine Park and under nature-conservation law (Loi n 14/003 of 2014); under Article 14 of that law, taking, fishing, capturing or killing protected species is prohibited regardless of method. The full list of integrally/partially protected species is fixed by a decree adopted in Council of Ministers (Article 13).
Kush mund të peshkojë
Vizitorët & rezidentët
Si ndryshojnë rregullat për vizitorët e huaj dhe banorët lokalë.
Vizitorët e huaj
No specific rules on spearfishing or recreational fishing by foreigners were found. General fishing is permitted under the 1937 decree but local authorisation and protected-area rules may apply; foreigners should confirm requirements with the provincial fisheries administration and, near the coast, with ICCN.
Rezidentët
unknown
Përfitimet
- Customary/traditional fishing rights are recognised for local (indigenous) communities under Article 59 of the 1937 decree (notably via barrages, traps and nets), within customary limits.
Customary fishing rights apply to local communities; these are traditional gear rights and do not specifically cover spearfishing.
Ku në bregdet
Zonat e lejuara & të ndaluara
Zonat e emëruara që janë të hapura ose të mbyllura për peshkimin nënujor. Shikoni pamjen e plotë në hartën interaktive.
Zonat e ndaluara
- Parc Marin des Mangroves (Mangroves Marine / National Park), Muandamarine national park / Ramsar wetland reserve
The DRC's only marine protected area, at the mouth of the Congo River on the Atlantic coast near Muanda/Banana, Kongo Central Province. Established 1992; designated a Ramsar wetland site on 18 January 1996 (Ramsar No. 788); IUCN Category II; covers about 768 km2. Managed by the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN). As an aire protegee under the Loi n 14/003 of 2014, any activity incompatible with conservation objectives is prohibited (Art. 25); as a parc national, all fishing of any kind is criminally prohibited under Art. 71(4) and capturing/killing fauna under Art. 72. Protected fauna include the African manatee, marine turtles (olive ridley, leatherback, green), hippopotamus and crocodiles. Spearfishing here is prohibited.
- Virunga National Park (Lake Edward sector), North Kivunational park / freshwater protected lake
Virunga National Park is the DRC's oldest national park (est. 1925), a UNESCO World Heritage Site (1979) managed by the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN), covering ~7,800 km2 in North Kivu. Its central sector encompasses the western and southern shores of Lake Edward and includes about 144,548 ha of the lake itself. Fishing on Lake Edward is heavily restricted: it is legally limited to a small number of designated landing/fishing settlements (Kyavinyonge, Vitshumbi, Nyakakoma) under ICCN/park management, and fishing with prohibited techniques or in bays and spawning grounds is unlawful. As a national park under Loi n 14/003 of 2014, all fishing of any kind is criminally prohibited inside it (Art. 71(4)) and capturing/killing wild fauna is penalised (Art. 72); it is also a 'reserve' in the sense of Art. 62 of the 1937 fishing decree. Recreational/underwater fishing (spearfishing) is therefore prohibited. Center point given for the DRC portion of Lake Edward.
Kushtet mbi ujë
Kushtet e drejtpërdrejta
Pamja e drejtpërdrejtë detare dhe meteorologjike afër një pike reference bregdetare në Democratic Republic of the Congo, nga Open-Meteo. Kushtet ndryshojnë përgjatë bregdetit — trajtojini si treguese.
Kushtet detare & meteorologjike afër Parc Marin des Mangroves (Mangroves Marine / National Park), Muanda.
Kë të pyesni
Autoritetet
Organet zyrtare përgjegjëse për peshkimin dhe licencimin.
Ministere de la Peche et Elevage / Ministry in charge of Fisheries and Livestock
fisheries authority
fao.orgunknownInstitut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN)
protected areas / nature conservation authority
iccnrdc.cdunknownMinistere de l'Environnement et Developpement Durable (MEDD)
environment ministry
medd.gouv.cdunknown
Ku vjen kjo
Burimet
Çdo pretendim në këtë faqe gjurmohet deri te njëra nga këto referenca.
- [01]
Decret du 21 avril 1937 sur la peche (full text, arts. 57-67)
Zyrtareleganet.cdAksesuar Qer 14 - [02]
Decret du 21 avril 1937 portant regime de la chasse et de la peche - ECOLEX record
Zyrtareecolex.orgAksesuar Qer 14 - [03]
FAOLEX country profile - Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD)
Zyrtarefao.orgAksesuar Qer 14 - [04]
Loi n 14/003 du 11 fevrier 2014 relative a la conservation de la nature - full text PDF (FAOLEX; arts. 13, 14, 25, 71, 72)
Zyrtarefaolex.fao.orgAksesuar Qer 22 - [05]
Proposition de loi portant principes fondamentaux relatifs a la peche et l'aquaculture en RDC - legislative tracker (status, dates)
Dytësoretalatala.cdAksesuar Qer 22 - [06]
Peche, PDL 145-T et RTNC : les deputes nationaux pointent les failles (11 April 2026 plenary; bill aims to repeal the 1937 decree, still under examination) - Reporter.cd
Dytësorereporter.cdAksesuar Qer 22 - [07]
Une loi-cadre sur la peche et l'aquaculture continentales en RDC - FAO publication
Zyrtarefao.orgAksesuar Qer 14 - [08]
Assemblee nationale: adoption / recevabilite de la loi sur la peche et l'aquaculture (mai 2025) - Radio Okapi
Dytësoreradiookapi.netAksesuar Qer 14 - [09]
RDC : Une loi historique pour moderniser la peche et l'aquaculture voit le jour - Congo Quotidien
Dytësorecongoquotidien.comAksesuar Qer 14 - [10]
Mangroves National Park (Parc Marin des Mangroves) - Wikipedia (coordinates, status, species)
Dytësoreen.wikipedia.orgAksesuar Qer 14 - [11]
Parc Marin des Mangroves - official site
Zyrtareparcmarindesmangroves.orgAksesuar Qer 14 - [12]
Le Parc Marin des Mangroves du Bas-Congo - FAO Africa
Zyrtarefao.orgAksesuar Qer 14
Shënime të hulumtuesit
The DRC has a short (~37 km) Atlantic coastline at Muanda/Banana but is overwhelmingly an inland (freshwater) fisheries country (Congo River, Lakes Tanganyika, Kivu, Edward, Albert, Mai-Ndombe, etc.). No DRC legal instrument was found that mentions spearfishing, underwater fishing, spearguns, harpoons or diving by name. Two pillars apply. (1) The still-in-force colonial Decree of 21 April 1937 on fishing, whose verbatim provisions (arts. 57-67) are captured above from leganet.cd (the principal Congolese legal database): fishing is generally free (art. 57) but authorities may close seasons (art. 61), create reserves (art. 62), restrict species in given regions (art. 63) and prohibit specific gear/methods (art. 65); a speargun could therefore be banned locally without that ban being centrally published. (2) The Loi n 14/003 of 11 February 2014 on nature conservation (full text re-fetched from the FAOLEX PDF and verified with pdftotext): Art. 14 prohibits taking/hunting/fishing/capturing/killing protected species by any method; Art. 25 bans incompatible activity in protected areas; Art. 71(4) criminally prohibits a fishing activity of any kind inside national parks, integral reserves and biosphere reserves; Art. 72 penalises capturing/killing fauna there. This makes spearfishing unambiguously illegal inside the DRC's parks/reserves (Virunga NP on Lake Edward; Mangroves Marine Park near Muanda). Outside protected areas spearfishing is neither expressly allowed nor banned, hence 'restricted'. A modern framework law on fishing and aquaculture (deposited June 2024) was declared admissible in May 2025 and examined in plenary on 10 April 2026 (intended to repeal the 1937 decree) but remained under examination and unpromulgated as of June 2026, and its accessible text does not mention spearfishing or specific prohibited gear. data_confidence raised to 'medium' (from 'low'): real verbatim conservation-law provisions now directly govern fishing inside protected areas, though no source addresses recreational spearfishing in open waters and license/catch-limit/foreigner specifics for spearfishing remain unknown. COULD NOT VERIFY: the text of the 2024-2026 fisheries bill (no public full text); any provincial/local ordinance issued under Art. 65 banning specific gear; whether a recreational/sport-fishing licence regime exists; any species-specific closed seasons; and the formal list of integrally protected species (set by a Council-of-Ministers decree not retrieved).
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