Sudan
Africa · Northern Africa
Sudan has a Red Sea coastline regulated primarily by the Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 and its 1975 amendment (Marine Fisheries Regulation). The 1975 by-law specifically prohibits the use of 'water guns' (spearguns) in fishing without an issued permit, and FAO's regional review describes the framework as banning dynamite, poisons and spearguns in fishing. As a result, spearfishing is not freely allowed: it requires an official permit and is effectively prohibited for unlicensed and recreational use. All fishing, including spearfishing, is entirely banned inside the no-take Sanganeb Marine National Park (SMNP): the IUCN World Heritage Outlook records that in the no-take zones 'all types of fishing are prohibited', and the PERSGA Sanganeb Atoll Master Plan (2004) explicitly provides for 'absolutely no... spear-fishing' inside the park and forbids possessing spear-guns within it. Fishing is restricted in the Dungonab Bay / Mukkawar Island Marine National Park, where small-scale subsistence/commercial fishing is generally permitted only outside designated no-take zones. There is no evidence of a recreational spearfishing licensing scheme aimed at tourists; the licensing regime is built around fishing craft and artisanal/commercial fishers. Enforcement at sea is reported to be weak. The full primary statutory text of the Ordinance/by-law could not be retrieved (the official FAOLEX PDF is a scanned image), so the national speargun ban rests on FAO and UNEP/ECOLEX secondary summaries; the Sanganeb no-spearfishing rule is now backed by a directly-quoted PERSGA management-plan source. Confidence is medium.
最后更新 6月 22, 2026
管辖框架
- §Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 (15 June 1937)
- §Marine Fisheries Regulation 1975 (by-law of 15 April 1975 amending the 1937 Ordinance; bans use of water guns/spearguns and collection of corals, molluscs and ornamental fish without a permit)
- §Federal Wildlife and Hunting (Conservation) Law 1986 (legal basis for marine national parks)
- 需要许可证
- 需要
- 鱼枪
- 禁止
法律原文
法律条文
管辖此处鱼叉捕鱼的确切法律与法规条款,按发布原文引用,并附每个官方来源的链接。
1975 by-law prohibition on water guns (spearguns) - excerpt as quoted in the FAO regional fisheries review (secondary source; not the gazette)
Marine Fisheries Regulation 1975 (by-law amending the Marine Fisheries Ordinance 1937)
The law prohibits the use of dynamite, poisons, and spear guns in fishing.
Penalty for fishing offences - excerpt as quoted in the FAO regional fisheries review (secondary source; not the gazette)
Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 (Sudan), as amended 1975
liable to a fine not exceeding 50 pond or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three month or to both
Licensing discretion and close areas - editorial abstract from the UNEP LEAP / ECOLEX FAOLEX record (secondary source; not the gazette)
Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 (Sudan)
The Ordinance regulates fishing in the Territorial Waters of Sudan. Fishing licences shall be issued by the Local Authority (defined in section 2). These authorities may at discretion refuse licences to non-residents and refuse licences to residents for a 'good cause' (sect. 5). The Minister may declare close areas (sect. 6). A Local Authority may amend or revoke the Schedules and may make regulations not inconsistent with the present Ordinance (sect. 9).
No-take zones (incl. Sanganeb) where all fishing is prohibited - IUCN World Heritage Outlook conservation assessment (secondary source describing the parks' protection regime)
Federal Wildlife and Hunting (Conservation) Law 1986 (legal basis for the marine national parks) - as described in the IUCN World Heritage Outlook
Small-scale commercial fishing and subsistence fishing is generally permitted inside the site except for no-take zones, which includes SMNP, where all types of fishing are prohibited. [SMNP = Sanganeb Marine National Park; the all-fishing prohibition in its no-take zone covers spearfishing.]
Sanganeb no-fishing / no spear-fishing policy - PERSGA Sanganeb Atoll Marine National Park Site-Specific Master Plan (2004), Fishing section
Sanganeb Atoll Marine National Park Site-Specific Master Plan (PERSGA, 2004)
In order to achieve this objective there should be no fishing whatsoever inside the Park, except for hand-lining or rod fishing from the southern lighthouse jetty. This definition of fishing includes all collecting of invertebrates for commercial, subsistence or recreational use. There will be absolutely no fishing from dive tenders, yachts or other vessels, spear-fishing, or collecting of any invertebrate, or part of invertebrate, dead or alive.
Sanganeb park regulation forbidding possession of spear-guns - PERSGA Sanganeb Atoll Marine National Park Site-Specific Master Plan (2004), Proposed SNP Regulations
Sanganeb Atoll Marine National Park Site-Specific Master Plan (PERSGA, 2004) - Proposed SNP Regulations
It is forbidden to possess spear-guns, fish poisons, dead or live turtles, or coral within SNP. [SNP = Sanganeb National Park. Listed under 'Proposed SNP Regulations' in the 2004 master plan.]
何时可以潜水
季节与时间限制
全年的禁渔、开放与受限期。请务必向当地确认针对特定鱼种的禁渔期。
未记录季节性禁渔——下水前请向当地核实。
捕鱼许可
许可证
下水所需具备的条件、费用,以及如何办理。
Fishing licences are issued by the Local Authority under the Marine Fisheries Ordinance; speargun use requires a permit from the Fisheries Administration. Marine national park access is controlled by the Wildlife Conservation General Administration. Exact procedure for spearfishing permits is not documented online.
办理许可证打开官方门户 · fao.org
- 类型
- Fishing permit / fishing craft licence (no dedicated recreational spearfishing licence identified). A separate permit is required to use a 'water gun' (speargun) under the 1975 regulation.
- 费用
- unknown
- 有效期
- unknown
- 如何办理
- Fishing licences are issued by the Local Authority under the Marine Fisheries Ordinance; speargun use requires a permit from the Fisheries Administration. Marine national park access is controlled by the Wildlife Conservation General Administration. Exact procedure for spearfishing permits is not documented online.
- 主管机构
- Fisheries Administration of Sudan / Local Authority (fishing); Wildlife Conservation General Administration (protected areas)
装备与技术
装备规则
允许使用哪些装备、如何使用,以及附带的条件。
限制
- Use of 'water guns' (spearguns) in fishing is prohibited without an issued permit (1975 by-law amending the Marine Fisheries Ordinance 1937).
- FAO regional review states the framework bans dynamite, poisons and spearguns in fishing.
- Collecting corals, molluscs or ornamental fish without a permit is prohibited (1975 by-law).
speargun_allowed set to false because spearguns ('water guns') may not be used without a specific permit and are listed among prohibited fishing methods; recreational/unlicensed speargun use is effectively banned. SCUBA-assisted fishing rules were not located.
可捕获什么
捕获限制与受保护鱼种
每日配额、最小尺寸,以及绝不可捕捞的鱼种。
每日限额
unknown
受保护鱼种——禁止捕捞
- 受保护Corals (collection prohibited without permit)
- 受保护Molluscs (collection prohibited without permit)
- 受保护Ornamental fish (collection prohibited without permit)
- 受保护Sharks, marine turtles, marine mammals and manta rays (protected within Red Sea marine national parks)
No published numerical recreational catch or size limits were found. The 1975 by-law restricts collection of corals, molluscs and ornamental fish; commercial marine fishing was reportedly banned in 1978. Sharks, turtles, marine mammals and manta rays are protected within the marine national parks.
谁可以捕鱼
访客与居民
针对外国访客与当地居民的规则有何不同。
外国访客
需要专项许可证
要求
- Local Authorities may at their discretion refuse fishing licences to non-residents (Marine Fisheries Ordinance 1937).
- Foreign fishing vessels operate under permits specifying zones, seasons and target resources.
限制
- No-take marine national parks (Sanganeb, no-take zones of Dungonab Bay/Mukkawar Island) are closed to all fishing including spearfishing.
- Speargun use requires a permit and is otherwise prohibited.
There is no documented recreational spearfishing scheme for foreigners. Sudan also has significant practical access constraints (security situation, permits, restricted Red Sea State access). Status for foreign recreational spearfishers is effectively restricted/unclear.
居民
Fishing craft licence / fishing permit issued by the Local Authority; speargun use requires a separate permit.
要求
- Hold a valid fishing craft licence and/or personal fishing permit to fish in territorial waters.
- Obtain a permit to use a 'water gun' (speargun).
优待
- Local Authorities may give preference to residents over non-residents when issuing fishing licences.
The licensing regime is oriented toward artisanal and commercial fishers (open-access regime within territorial waters for licensed local fishermen), not recreational spearfishing.
海岸何处
允许与禁止区域
对鱼叉捕鱼开放或关闭的命名区域。在互动地图上查看全貌。
禁止区域
- Sanganeb Marine National Park (SMNP)marine national park (no-take zone)
Atoll/coral reef structure in the central Red Sea about 30 km north-east of Port Sudan (19 deg 42'N 37 deg 26'E), enclosing roughly 22 km2. Declared a marine national park in 1990 by the Secretary General of the Council of Ministers under the Federal Wildlife and Hunting Law of 1986; a UNESCO World Heritage site (2016), managed by the Wildlife Conservation General Administration. A no-take zone: the IUCN World Heritage Outlook states all types of fishing are prohibited here, and the PERSGA Sanganeb master plan (2004) provides for 'absolutely no fishing... spear-fishing' inside the park and that 'it is forbidden to possess spear-guns... within SNP'. Spearfishing is therefore banned.
- Dungonab Bay and Mukkawar Island Marine National Park (DMNP)marine national park (with no-take zones)
Coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, beaches and islets situated about 125 km north of Port Sudan. Designated as a Federal Reserve in 2004 under the Federal Wildlife and Hunting Law of 1986; a UNESCO World Heritage site (2016). Managed by the Wildlife Conservation General Administration; small-scale subsistence/commercial fishing is generally permitted only outside designated no-take zones, and the area is protected by Wildlife Administration and Fisheries regulations. Spearfishing is restricted/effectively prohibited within the protected area.
- Suakin Archipelago National Parknational park / marine protected area
A group of coral islands and reefs in the Red Sea south-east of Port Sudan and east of the town of Suakin, covering about 1,500 km2. Designated/proposed as an IUCN category II national park and an Important Bird Area, hosting breeding tern colonies, sea turtles (hawksbill, green) and dugongs. It forms the south-eastern quarter of the larger Suakin-Gulf of Agig Ramsar site (designated 2 Feb 2009). As a national-park-status marine area protected for sensitive coral-reef and turtle/dugong habitat, fishing including spearfishing is restricted/effectively prohibited; verify directly with Sudanese wildlife/fisheries authorities. Note: park designation is described in sources as proposed for IUCN II.
水上水况
实时水况
来自 Open-Meteo 的 Sudan 沿海参考点附近的实时海洋与天气快照。沿海各处水况各异——仅供参考。
Sanganeb Marine National Park (SMNP) 附近的实时海洋与天气。
向谁咨询
主管机构
负责渔业与许可证的官方机构。
Fisheries Administration of Sudan (Marine Fisheries Administration, Red Sea State)
fisheries authority
fao.orgunknownWildlife Conservation General Administration (WCGA), Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife
wildlife / protected areas authority
Red Sea State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources
state natural resources authority
信息来源
来源
本页的每一项陈述均可追溯至以下参考资料之一。
- [01]
FAO - Review of the state of world marine capture fisheries management: Indian Ocean (Sudan section)
官方fao.org访问于 6月 16 - [02]
ECOLEX - Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 (Sudan)
官方ecolex.org访问于 6月 16 - [03]
UNEP Law and Environment Assistance Platform (LEAP) - Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 (Sudan)
官方leap.unep.org访问于 6月 16 - [04]
FAOLEX - full-text record of the Marine Fisheries Ordinance 1937 (scanned PDF, not machine-readable)
官方faolex.fao.org访问于 6月 16 - [05]
UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Sanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay - Mukkawar Island Marine National Park
官方whc.unesco.org访问于 6月 15 - [06]
IUCN World Heritage Outlook - Sanganeb / Dungonab Bay - Mukkawar Island Marine National Park
官方worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org访问于 6月 15 - [07]
WorldAtlas - Sanganeb Marine National Park, Sudan
二手worldatlas.com访问于 6月 15 - [08]
MedCrave - Current status and sustainability issues of marine resources and biodiversity in Sudanese national Red Sea water
二手medcraveonline.com访问于 6月 15 - [09]
PERSGA - Sanganeb Atoll Marine National Park Site-Specific Master Plan (2004) - primary management plan with no-fishing / no spear-fishing policy and proposed park regulations
官方persga.org访问于 6月 22 - [10]
UNIDO - Independent Terminal Evaluation, Republic of Sudan, Marine fishery Red Sea State - institutions and legal framework governing Red Sea fisheries
官方unido.org访问于 6月 22 - [11]
Protected Planet (UNEP-WCMC) - Sanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay - Mukkawar Island Marine National Park (WDPA 555622045)
官方protectedplanet.net访问于 6月 22
研究员备注
Sudan's marine fisheries are governed by the Marine Fisheries Ordinance of 1937 and its 1975 amendment (Marine Fisheries Regulation). The 1975 by-law explicitly bans the use of 'water guns' (spearguns) in fishing without an issued permit, and FAO's regional review lists spearguns alongside dynamite and poisons as prohibited fishing methods - hence spearfishing is classified as 'restricted' (permit-gated, effectively prohibited for unlicensed/recreational use). No primary verbatim statutory text could be retrieved: the official ordinance is published only as a scanned, non-machine-readable PDF on FAOLEX (https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/sud2152.pdf) and the 1975 amending by-law is not available in primary digital form, so the law_texts entries are NOT gazette quotations - they reproduce only what the cited secondary records actually state (two short fragments quoted inside the FAO regional fisheries review, and the editorial abstract published by UNEP LEAP / ECOLEX, which gives the parenthetical section references 2/5/6/9). The underlying clause numbers could not be verified against the primary text - this is why data_confidence is 'low'. The two marine national parks (Sanganeb, declared 1990; Dungonab Bay/Mukkawar Island, 2004), both UNESCO World Heritage and managed by the Wildlife Conservation General Administration, prohibit fishing in their no-take zones. Coordinates given are approximate (Sanganeb derived from N19 42' E37 26'; Dungonab Bay approximate). No closed/open seasons specific to spearfishing, no numeric recreational catch/size limits, and no recreational spearfishing licence scheme were found. Enforcement at sea is reported by FAO/UNESCO sources to be weak. Anyone planning to dive should also factor in Sudan's security situation and Red Sea State access permits. Verify directly with the Fisheries Administration and the Wildlife Conservation General Administration before diving.
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