Botswana
Africa · Southern Africa
Botswana is landlocked, so any spearfishing would be freshwater only (Okavango Delta, Chobe River, Limpopo system and inland dams). The governing law is the Fish Protection Act (Cap. 38:04, formerly Act 42 of 1975) and the Fish Protection Regulations 2016, administered by the Fisheries Division of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks (Ministry of Environment and Tourism). Neither the Act nor publicly available materials specifically authorise or prohibit spearfishing/spearguns by name. The Act bans the use of explosive, poisonous or noxious substances and empowers the Minister to regulate fishing methods, nets, gear, licences and seasons. In practice the recognised fishing methods are gill nets (commercial), hook-and-line, traps and fly/spin angling (recreational); recreational fishing requires a licence and a national closed season runs roughly 1 January to end of February (open season 1 March to 31 December). Fishing is prohibited inside national parks and certain game reserves (e.g. Chobe National Park, parts of the Okavango Delta within reserves). Because no provision squarely addresses recreational spearfishing, its legal status is treated as unknown pending confirmation from the Fisheries Division.
Dernière mise à jour juin 14, 2026
Cadre réglementaire
- §Fish Protection Act, Cap. 38:04 (originally Act 42 of 1975, commenced 31 December 1975)
- §Fish Protection Regulations, 2016 (subsidiary legislation under the Fish Protection Act)
- §Wildlife Conservation and National Parks Act (fishing prohibitions inside national parks and game reserves)
- Licence requise
- Requise
- Étrangers
- Bienvenus
La loi, verbatim
Textes juridiques
Les dispositions législatives et réglementaires exactes qui régissent la chasse sous-marine ici, citées telles que publiées, avec un lien vers chaque source officielle.
Regulations (powers of the Minister to regulate fishing, gear, seasons and licences)
Fish Protection Act, Cap. 38:04 (Act 42 of 1975)
Regulations. (1) The Minister may make regulations which shall apply to such areas as are specified therein, providing for the more effectual control, protection and improvement of fish, and the government and management of any specified area in which fishing may be carried on, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing for all or any part of the following purposes- (a) imposing and prescribing conditions for the regulation of fishing; (b) registering all boats employed in fishing; (c) determining the times and seasons at which the taking of any species of fish shall commence and cease; (d) the issuing of licences and certificates of registration to persons authorized to take any species of fish; (e) prescribing the fees to be paid for or in respect of any licence or registration issued or made; (f) providing for and regulating the description and form of nets to be used in fishing and the size of the meshes thereof, or the prohibiting of any special description of nets or meshes or any tackle, instrument or appliance whatsoever tending to impede the lawful taking of fish or being in any manner detrimental to the preservation or increase of fish; (g) prohibiting, restricting or regulating the bringing into Botswana of any live fish; (h) prohibiting, restricting or regulating the transfer within Botswana of any live fish; (i) prohibiting, restricting or regulating the sale of any fish.
Prohibition of use of explosive, poisonous or noxious substances
Fish Protection Act, Cap. 38:04 (Act 42 of 1975)
Prohibition of use of explosive, poisonous or noxious substances. Any person who uses or permits to be used any explosive, poisonous or noxious substance for the purpose of killing, stunning or disabling fish or in any way rendering fish more easily caught shall be guilty of an offence and liable to a fine not exceeding P500, or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, or to both.
Powers of entry, seizure and arrest (gear, instruments and appliances used in fishing)
Fish Protection Act, Cap. 38:04 (Act 42 of 1975)
Powers of entry, seizure and arrest. Any authorized officer or police officer not below the rank of assistant inspector may- (a) at all reasonable times enter into and upon any land or premises, or stop and enter upon any boat, for the purpose of preventing or detecting offences under this Act or any regulations made thereunder; (b) seize any (i) boat, explosive, poisonous or noxious substance, net, instrument, rod, line or any other appliance or article which he has reasonable cause to believe is being or has been used in contravention of this Act or any regulation made thereunder; or (ii) fish which he has reasonable cause to believe was captured in contravention of this Act or any regulations made thereunder; or (c) without warrant, arrest and search any person whom he may find committing, or whom he reasonably suspects of having committed, an offence under this Act or any regulations made thereunder.
Quand vous pouvez plonger
Saisons et restrictions temporelles
Périodes de fermeture, d'ouverture et de restriction tout au long de l'année. Confirmez toujours localement les fermetures propres à chaque espèce.
- FerméeAll freshwater fishing nationwide (fish breeding/spawning protection)janv. 1 – févr. 28
National closed season: fishing is prohibited during January and February for fish breeding purposes. The recreational fishing open season runs 1 March to 31 December annually, per the Department of Wildlife and National Parks.
- OuverteRecreational fishing nationwidemars 1 – déc. 31
Open fishing season for recreational/sport fishing in Botswana is 1 March to 31 December annually (Government of Botswana, Recreational Fishing Licence).
- FerméeChobe River (tiger fish spawning closure)janv. 1 – mars 31
Fishing on the Chobe River is reported to be closed during the tiger fish (Hydrocynus vittatus) spawning period, generally January to March, to preserve the ecosystem.
Autorisation de pêcher
Licence
Ce dont vous avez besoin pour être autorisé dans l'eau, ce que cela coûte et comment l'obtenir.
Download, complete and submit the Recreational Fishing Licence form with supporting documents to the nearest Department of Wildlife & National Parks office. Available to citizens and non-citizens aged 18 and above.
Obtenez votre licenceOuvre le portail officiel · gov.bw
- Type
- Recreational Fishing Licence (sport/recreational fishing)
- Coût
- unknown
- Validité
- Per fishing season (open season 1 March - 31 December)
- Comment l'obtenir
- Download, complete and submit the Recreational Fishing Licence form with supporting documents to the nearest Department of Wildlife & National Parks office. Available to citizens and non-citizens aged 18 and above.
- Autorité
- Department of Wildlife and National Parks (Fisheries Division), Ministry of Environment and Tourism
Matériel et technique
Règles d'équipement
Quel matériel est autorisé, comment il peut être utilisé et les conditions associées.
Restrictions
- Use of any explosive, poisonous or noxious substance to kill, stun, disable or more easily catch fish is prohibited (Fish Protection Act s.4)
- The Minister may regulate or prohibit nets, mesh sizes and any tackle, instrument or appliance detrimental to fish preservation (Fish Protection Act s.3(1)(f))
- Commercial fishing uses gill nets; recreational sport fishing is commonly catch-and-release with live or artificial bait / fly tackle
No publicly retrievable provision of the Fish Protection Act or the 2016 Fish Protection Regulations specifically names spearguns or spearfishing. Spearfishing legality cannot be confirmed from available sources; confirm directly with the Fisheries Division before assuming it is permitted.
Ce que vous pouvez prélever
Limites de capture et espèces protégées
Quotas journaliers, tailles minimales et espèces qui ne doivent jamais être prélevées.
Limite journalière
unknown
Specific daily bag limits, minimum sizes and protected freshwater species are set under the Fish Protection Regulations 2016, whose full text was not openly retrievable. Most recreational sport fishing at safari lodges is conducted on a catch-and-release basis. Targeted species include tilapia/bream (Oreochromis spp.), tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus), catfish (Clarias spp.) and African pike.
Qui peut pêcher
Visiteurs et résidents
Comment les règles diffèrent pour les visiteurs étrangers et les résidents locaux.
Visiteurs étrangers
AutoriséeExigences
- Obtain a Recreational Fishing Licence from the Department of Wildlife and National Parks
- Must be 18 years of age or above
Restrictions
- Subject to the same national closed season (Jan-Feb) and park/reserve no-fishing zones as residents
The Recreational Fishing Licence is expressly available to both citizens and non-citizens aged 18+. No separate special foreigner licence is documented; tourists typically fish via licensed safari lodges.
Résidents
Recreational Fishing Licence (citizens) / Commercial Fishing Licence for profit fishing
Exigences
- Recreational Fishing Licence for sport fishing; Commercial Fishing Licence (issued by DWNP) to fish for profit or use gill nets
Avantages
- Traditional/subsistence user rights granted to local fishers in Controlled Hunting Areas (CHAs) in the lower Okavango Delta
Subsistence fishers use traditional gear (homemade gill nets, baskets, hook-and-line, traps, fences). Commercial fishing (mainly gill nets) is licensed at BWP 200 for three consecutive seasons.
Où sur la côte
Zones autorisées et interdites
Zones nommées ouvertes ou fermées à la chasse sous-marine. Voir l'image complète sur la carte interactive.
Zones autorisées
Botswana's largest fishery (~80% of national catch). Recreational fly and spin angling for tilapia/bream, tigerfish, catfish and African pike on rivers and channels of the Delta, outside the gazetted game reserves where fishing is prohibited. A recreational fishing licence and the national closed season apply.
Recreational fishing licence required; national closed season Jan-Feb; fishing prohibited within Moremi Game Reserve and other reserves inside the Delta; commonly catch-and-release at lodges.
Tiger fish and tilapia angling on the Chobe River near Kasane, outside the national park boundary where all fishing is prohibited. Subject to the tiger fish spawning closure.
No fishing inside Chobe National Park; tiger fish spawning closure approx Jan-Mar; recreational licence required.
Small reservoirs in south-eastern Botswana stocked with bream/tilapia, catfish and Labeo; used for licensed commercial and recreational fishing.
Recreational fishing licence required; national closed season Jan-Feb.
Zones interdites
- Chobe National Parknational park
All forms of fishing are prohibited within Chobe National Park; most off-take occurs outside the park boundary.
- Moremi Game Reserve and other game reserves within the Okavango Deltagame reserve / national park
Fishing in the game reserves that fall within the Okavango Delta is prohibited; traditional user rights are granted only in designated Controlled Hunting Areas (CHAs) in the lower Delta.
Conditions sur l'eau
Conditions en direct
Aperçu marin et météo en direct près d'un point de référence côtier en Botswana, fourni par Open-Meteo. Les conditions varient le long de la côte — à considérer comme indicatives.
Conditions marines et météo en direct près de Okavango Delta (rivers and channels, outside reserves).
À qui s'adresser
Autorités
Les organismes officiels responsables de la pêche et des licences.
D'où cela provient
Sources
Chaque affirmation sur cette page renvoie à l'une de ces références.
- [01]
Fish Protection Act 1975 (Chapter 38:04 / Act 42 of 1975) - full statute (WTO Import Licensing repository, Government of Botswana copyright)
Officielleimportlicensing.wto.orgConsulté le juin 14 - [02]
Fish Protection Act 1975 (Chapter 36:02) - legislation record
Officielleecolex.orgConsulté le juin 14 - [03]
FAO Fishery Country Profile - The Republic of Botswana (FID/CP/BOT, April 2007)
Officiellefao.orgConsulté le juin 14 - [04]
Recreational Fishing Licence - Government of Botswana (gov.bw)
Officiellegov.bwConsulté le juin 14 - [05]
Commercial Fishing License - Government of Botswana (gov.bw)
Officiellegov.bwConsulté le juin 14 - [06]
Find Fisheries expertise in Botswana - Commonwealth of Nations (Fish Protection Act, regulations, Delta CHAs)
Secondairecommonwealthofnations.orgConsulté le juin 14 - [07]
Fishing - Botswana Tourism Organisation (catch-and-release, fishing locations, seasonality)
Officiellebotswanatourism.co.bwConsulté le juin 14 - [08]
Fishing in Botswana - When to go & Where to stay (closed season Jan-Feb, regional seasons)
Secondairebotswanasafari.co.zaConsulté le juin 14 - [09]
Botswana Away - Fishing safaris (Chobe River tiger fish spawning closure Jan-Mar)
communitybotswanaaway.comConsulté le juin 14
Notes du chercheur
Botswana is landlocked (no sea coastline); all fishing is freshwater (Okavango Delta, Chobe/Linyanti, Limpopo system and inland dams). Spearfishing is not specifically named or regulated in the publicly available Fish Protection Act (Cap. 38:04) or in retrievable summaries of the Fish Protection Regulations 2016, so its precise legal status is UNKNOWN and must be confirmed with the DWNP Fisheries Division. The Act bans explosives/poisons/noxious substances (s.4) and empowers the Minister to regulate or prohibit any tackle, instrument or appliance (s.3(1)(f)), under which a speargun could in principle be restricted. Recreational fishing requires a licence, observes a national closed season (Jan-Feb), and is banned inside national parks and game reserves (Chobe NP, Moremi/Okavango reserves). The full verbatim text of the 2016 Regulations (bag limits, mesh sizes, protected species, gear lists) was not openly retrievable online; those fields are left unknown rather than guessed. Note also that the legacy Fish Protection Act has reportedly been affected by the Wildlife Conservation and National Parks (Amendment) Act 2023 (per ECOLEX), which was not independently verified here. Confidence is medium: the general framework, authority, season and zones are well sourced from official documents, but spearfishing-specific rules are absent from available sources.
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